Context: The Supreme Court of India in The Secretary to Government v.
upheld the Madras High Court’s verdict invalidating Tamil Nadu’s March 9, 2024 Government Order (G.O.).
About Religious Conversion and Reservation in India : Scheduled Caste Reservation (Article 341): Under the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950, Scheduled Caste status is restricted to Hindus, Sikhs and Buddhists…
Context: The Ministry of Power and the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) highlighted the expanding role of Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs) as India crossed 300 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity en route to its 500 GW targ…
Pumped Storage Hydropower functions as a large-scale water battery, utilizing gravitational potential energy and two reservoirs positioned at different elevations to store and generate bulk electricity.
During periods of surplus or low-cost power (such as peak daytime solar hours), water is pumped from the lower to the upper reservoir; during peak evening demand or renewable deficits, stored water is released down thro…
Secretary of State Marco Rubio held trilateral talks in Mumbai with Indian External Affairs Minister and UAE Foreign Minister, pitching U.S.
and Venezuelan crude supplies to India.
A sovereign South American nation that possesses the world’s largest proven petroleum reserves, characterized by significant geographic diversity , spanning Andean ranges, Amazonian rainforests, the Llanos savannas, and…
The MSME sector has become a key driver of India's economy, fostering entrepreneurship and creating significant employment opportunities with low capital investment
Government Policies & Interventions This editorial is based on “MSMEs are not paid on time.
They need to be” which was published in The Hindu on 07/05/2024.
India overcame food scarcity through Green Revolution innovations, yet faces persistent challenges from malnutrition, climate shocks, and groundwater depletion
Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies This editorial is based on " ‘Innovate today, nourish tomorrow’ for food security " published in The Hindu on 16/10/2026.
The article highlights that achieving food security requires moving from cereal surplus to climate-resilient innovation.
Surging engineering and electronics exports drove September merchandise exports to $44.4B, yet carbon tariffs and trade deficits demand urgent policy reforms.
Government Policies & Interventions This editorial is based on " Exports surge paves the way for much-needed reforms " published in The Indian Express on 17/10/2026.
The article highlights that India must leverage export growth to advance structural reforms, strengthen MSMEs, improve logistics, increase domestic value addition and diversify markets to sustain competitiveness amid gl…
Global warming severely threatens India’s water security, ecosystems, economy, and public health, placing it among the worst-affected nations, with its socio-economic and environmental landscape already undergoing signi…
Environmental Pollution & Degradation For Prelims: Climate Risk Index , UNFCCC , Glacial Lake Outbursts , Ocean Acidification , Himalayan Glaciers , Arsenic Contamination , Black Carbon , Western Ghats , Mangroves , Cor…
global impact of Extreme Weather, Climate Change’s Threats to India, and Necessary Mitigation Measures The Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2026 report, presented at COP30 in Belém, Brazil, ranks India as the 9 th most af…
The 2025 Human Development Report highlights India's progress and challenges in human development, focusing on inequality, gender equity, and the transformative potential of AI in sectors like healthcare, education, and…
For Prelims: Human Development Report , United Nations Development Programme , Artificial Intelligence , National Health Mission , Multidimensional poverty For Mains: Human Development Index and its implications for Ind…
The report noted that while India has made steady strides, inequality continues to undercut its human development achievements.
According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, 97% of all reported claims under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) and the Restructured Weather-Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS) have been set…
Government Policies & Interventions According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, 97% of all reported claims under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) and the Restructured Weather-Based Crop Ins…
Goa , Chhattisgarh , Telangana , and Tamil Nadu have achieved full claim settlement, while Tripura , Andaman and Nicobar Islands , Andhra Pradesh , and Sikkim have settlement rates from 91% to 51%.
Frequent flash floods in Himachal Pradesh reflect rising climate-induced disaster risks in India. Parametric insurance offers a swift and transparent risk management solution
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Environmental Pollution & Degradation Himachal Pradesh faced over 20 flash floods along with landslides and cloudbursts , highlighting the unpredictability of extreme weather events…
Between 2019 and 2023 , India suffered over $56 billion in losses due to weather-related disasters.
The 5th edition of Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2026 commenced in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, to strengthen India-Australia military cooperation.
The 5th edition of India–Australia Joint Military Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2026 commenced at the Foreign Training Node, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala , to enhance military interoperability and operational coordination between t…
About: An annual bilateral military exercise between the Indian Army and Australian Army, instituted in 2022 and conducted alternately in India and Australia.
The Supreme Court has recognised children’s internet access as a fundamental right while rejecting blanket restrictions on social media use.
Government Policies & Interventions For Prelims: Fundamental right, Articles 21 and 19 of the Constitution , Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 , IT Act, 2000 For…
Harish (2026), held that the right to access and use the internet is a fundamental right under Articles 21 and 19(1)(a) of the Constitution , including for children.
A recent report (Low-cost finance for energy transition) by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) highlights India's remarkable progress in transitioning to green energy
Environmental Pollution & Degradation Government Policies & Interventions For Prelims: Low-cost finance for energy transition report, IRENA, IREDA, green hydrogen, Green bonds, Sovereign Bonds For Mains: Achievements of…
The report describes India's achievements as "unprecedented".
A Digital India BHASHINI will make Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) resources available to MSME (Medium, Small and Micro Enterprises), Startups and Individual Innovators in the public d…
Government Policies & Interventions For Prelims: Digital India BHASHINI, Artificial Intelligence, MSME, Gram Panchayats, Optical Fiber For Mains: Digital India Vision of India, Technology Missions, Government Policies &…
The government intends to integrate start-ups' innovation, development and consumption of technology.
The Supreme Court has sought more information from the government about Mission Shakti, an umbrella scheme for the safety, security, and empowerment of women.
Government Policies & Interventions For Prelims: Mission Shakti, One Stop Centre (OSC), Women Helpline (WHL), Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP), National Creche Scheme, Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana.
For Mains: Components of Mission Shakti, Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005.
The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PM-JDY) has completed 12 years of implementation
Issues Relating to Poverty & Hunger Government Policies & Interventions For Prelims: Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana , RuPay , National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) , Direct Benefit Transfer Jan Dhan-Aadhaar-Mobi…
The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PM-JDY) , the Government of India’s flagship National Mission for Financial Inclusion , has completed 12 years of implementation (2014–2026), marking a systemic shift in expanding for…
The Supreme Court in its recent judgement has reiterated that promotion is not a fundamental right for government servants in India, as the Constitution does not prescribe any criteria for filling promotional posts
For Prelims: Scheduled Castes , Scheduled Tribes , reservation in promotions, Indra Sawhney Judgment, Article 16 (4), Article 16 (4A), Article 16(4B), M Nagaraj Case, Supreme Court.
For Mains: Reservation in Public Employment and Promotions and related Judgements The Supreme Court in its recent judgement has reiterated that promotion is not a fundamental right for government servants in India, as t…
BHASHINI and IISc Bengaluru develop AI-based text-to-speech models to promote digital inclusion and accessibility for the Sourashtra language.
The Digital India BHASHINI Division under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), in collaboration with Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru, has developed AI-based Text-to-Speech (TTS) model…
About Sourashtra: An Indo-Aryan language spoken predominantly by the Sourashtra community in Tamil Nadu , with approximately 2.48 lakh speakers (Census 2011).
Indian Navy and UK Royal Navy launched the bilateral Exercise KONKAN-25 off India’s western coast
The Indian Navy and the UK Royal Navy have commenced the bilateral Exercise KONKAN-25 off India’s western coast, marking two decades of growing naval interoperability Exercise KONKAN: First held in 2004, Exercise Konkan…
The 2025 edition is the first-ever exercise to feature both nations’ Carrier Strike Groups (the UK’s HMS Prince of Wales and India’s INS Vikrant ) The exercise includes a Harbour Phase with professional exchanges and vi…
INS Trishul arrived at Toulon, France, to participate in the 24th edition of the bilateral maritime exercise VARUNA between the Indian Navy and the French Navy
The 24th edition of Exercise VARUNA , the bilateral maritime exercise between the Indian Navy and French Navy , commenced with the arrival of Indian Navy frigate INS Trishul (F43) at Toulon, France .
About: VARUNA is a bilateral naval exercise between the Indian Navy (IN) and the French Navy (FN) that began in 2001.
India rolls over a ₹30 billion currency swap facility for the Maldives to support liquidity and financial stability and strengthen bilateral relations.
Recently, India approved the Maldives' request for the rollover of the first ₹30 billion drawdown under the bilateral currency swap arrangement, reaffirming India's Neighbourhood First Policy .
Currency Swap Facility: An arrangement between central banks to temporarily exchange currencies , with an agreement to reverse the transaction later, providing short-term foreign-exchange liquidity and support during ba…
The Supreme Court of India ruled that insults or intimidations against individuals from Scheduled Castes (SC) or Scheduled Tribes (ST) do not automatically constitute an offense under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities…
Government Policies & Interventions Issues Arising Out of Design & Implementation of Policies For Prelims: Supreme Court, Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Anticipatory bail, Member of the Legislative Assembly, Specia…
The Court addressed a key issue, whether insults or intimidations directed at individuals from Scheduled Castes (SC) or Scheduled Tribes (ST) automatically constitute an offense under the Act.
