At the 25th meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Council of Heads of Government in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, India called for a united approach to combating terrorism
Groupings & Agreements Involving India and/or Affecting India's Interests India’s Defence Minister addressed the 25 th meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Council of Heads of Government (CHG) in Dusha…
During the summit, India strongly called upon member states to firmly and collectively dismantle terrorism and warned against adopting double standards in combating the menace.
There are no well-defined criteria or standardized parameters that ministries and departments use to determine the allocation of these incentives, raising concerns about the fairness and effectiveness of the scheme
Government Policies & Interventions For Prelims: PLI Scheme for Electronic Manufacturing , Self-Sufficiency , Auto components, WTO Rules.
Recently, a debate has emerged over the effectiveness of India's Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) , an Electronics Manufacturing scheme , suggesting it generates import-dependent assembly jobs rather than fostering Sel…
The Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Sintered Rare Earth Permanent Magnets has brought renewed focus on India’s efforts to build a domestic permanent magnet manufacturing ecosystem
Government Policies & Interventions For Prelims: Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Sintered Rare Earth Permanent Magnets , Sintered rare earth permanent magnets , Thorium , National Critical Mineral Mission For Mains:…
However, experts highlight a “visibility problem” in accurately mapping India’s technological capabilities and strategic dependencies across the complex, multi-stage REPM value chain , from rare-earth processing to fini…
The operationalisation of India’s Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) and the emergence of the Open Coalition on Compliance Carbon Markets (OCCCM) have renewed the debate on global carbon market integration.
Government Policies & Interventions For Prelims: Carbon Credit Trading Scheme , Indian Carbon Market , Perform, Achieve and Trade (PAT) scheme , Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism For Mains: Environmental pollution and…
The coalition, launched in May 2026 aims to align global compliance carbon markets.
The Security Council was established by the UN Charter in 1945 and is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations. India, for the eighth time, has entered the UNSC as a non-permanent member in 2021
Important International Institutions Groupings & Agreements Involving India and/or Affecting India's Interests Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests For Prelims: United Nations and its organs,…
The United Nation Security Council (UNSC) got five new non permanent members (Albania, Brazil, Gabon, Ghana and the United Arab Emirates) .
Increasing importance of Southeast Asian countries in the Indo-Pacific region and the concerns for China
Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests For Prelims: South China Sea , Comprehensive Strategic Partnerships, Paris Peace Accords For Mains: The impact of USA’s venture into Asia Pacific on Asian…
President met in Vietnam during the visit of the US President, marking a new phase in the bilateral relationship between the two countries.
Various Security Forces & Agencies & Their Mandate The Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) is one of the premier Central Armed Police Forces of India (under the Ministry of Home Affairs) for internal security.
The other Central Armed Police Forces are as follow: Assam Rifles (AR): The Assam Rifles came into being in 1835, as a militia called the ‘Cachar Levy’.
China is leveraging supply chains as a strategic weapon against India by restricting exports of critical equipment, curbing workforce mobility, and delaying key infrastructure imports.
Important International Institutions Groupings & Agreements Involving India and/or Affecting India's Interests International Treaties & Agreements Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests For Prel…
This move is seen as an attempt to slow down India’s growing electronics manufacturing sector and impact the country’s broader ambitions under the ‘ Make in India’ initiative.
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has released the 7th Edition of Global Environment Outlook (GEO-7) during the 7th session of the United Nations Environment Assembly in Nairobi
Environmental Pollution & Degradation For Prelims: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) , Global Environment Outlook , Biodiversity , Greenhouse Gas (GHG) , Unemployment , Malnutrition , Critical Mineral , Global…
For Mains: Key Findings of the Global Environment Outlook 2025, Current state of global environmental degradation and its consequences, Five key areas requiring transformation to prevent environmental degradation and wa…
The Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) replaces the PAT scheme to establish the Indian Carbon Market, aligning with India’s climate goals
Government Policies & Interventions Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology For Prelims: Perform, Achieve, and Trade (PAT) scheme , Carbon Credit Certificate , Bureau of Energy Efficiency , Carbon Market For Mai…
CCTS: The CCTS is a market-based mechanism introduced to regulate and trade carbon credits under the ICM.
India has rejected the Pakistan-China Boundary Joint Commission, stating that it has no legal basis and reiterating its position on Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh as integral parts of India.
India has rejected the newly operationalised Pakistan–China Boundary Joint Commission , stating that it has no legal basis and reiterating its position that there is no legally recognised Pakistan–China boundary in the…
About: Pakistan and China operationalised the Commission in September 2026, with its inaugural meeting held in Islamabad.
All-weather allies Pakistan and China have decided to welcome “interested” third countries joining the multi-billion-dollar China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).
For Prelims: China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), One Belt One Road (OBOR), Blue dot Network For Mains: China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and its implications on India Recently, Pakistan and China decided to w…
In context to Afghanistan, it had broken new ground in strengthening international and regional connectivity.
China refines more than 90% of the world’s graphite into the material that is used in virtually all EV battery anodes, which is the negatively charged portion of a battery, and Chinese present curbs have raised concerns…
Government Policies & Interventions Recently, China, the world’s top graphite producer ( around 65%) and exporter, has decided to curb exports of key battery material.
The curbs are similar to those in place since 1st August, 2023 for two chip-making metals, gallium and germanium which pushed up prices outside of the country.
The European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) entered its definitive phase, impacting carbon-intensive exports from countries including India.
Bilateral Groupings & Agreements The European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is reshaping global trade by linking market access to carbon emissions embedded in imported goods.
About: The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a European Union import duty on carbon-intensive goods produced outside the EU through processes that emit more carbon than EU standards allow.
France witnessed nationwide protests against rising living costs, fuel prices and poor school conditions
France witnessed nationwide demonstrations against rising living costs, deteriorating public services and poor conditions in schools , with incidents of violent clashes, looting and arson reported in several cities.
India will host the 61st International Committee of Legal Metrology Meeting in New Delhi for the first time, focusing on international measurement standards, digitalisation, fair trade and consumer protection.
Government Policies & Interventions Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology India will host the 61st Meeting of the International Committee of Legal Metrology (CIML) for the first time in New Delhi, with partici…
Organiser: The Department of Consumer Affairs, in collaboration with the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML).
Context: WWF-India’s EIACP Programme Centre, supported by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), launched a nationwide Green Diwali Campaign to promote cracker-free celebrations under Mission L…
A nationwide environmental awareness and behavioural change campaign encouraging citizens to celebrate Diwali without firecrackers while adopting sustainable , low-pollution festive practices.
Organisation: WWF-India’s EIACP Programme Centre–Resource Partner (PC-RP), supported by the MoEFCC.
Context: The State Bank of India (SBI) confirmed the suspected exposure of 3,897 customer records containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII) on the dark web, raising concerns over cybersecurity vulnerabilities…
A suspected cybersecurity incident involving the exposure of sensitive SBI customer information on the dark web, potentially compromising personal privacy and increasing risks of financial fraud and identity theft.
Scale of Data Exposure: SBI examined approximately 3.75 lakh records available on the dark web, identifying 3,897 customer records containing personally identifiable information.
Context: National Police Commemoration Day was observed across India on October 21, 2026, with Union Home Minister leading the nation in laying a wreath at the National Police Memorial in New Delhi.
An annual national observance held on October 21 across all state police forces, Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs), and Central Police Organisations (CPOs) to honor fallen police personnel who sacrificed their lives i…
On October 21, 1959 , ten Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) personnel were martyred during a patrol at Hot Springs in Ladakh after being ambushed by heavily armed Chinese troops.
Context: The Permanent Delegation of India to UNESCO announced that three Indian sites—the Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang, the Andaman Subduction Volcanoes, and the Sirpur Cultural and Archaeological Landscape —h…
About 3 New Addition to The UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List : An inventory of properties that a State Party intends to consider for nomination to the World Heritage List during subsequent years.
Mandatory Prerequisite: Inclusion on a country’s tentative list is a compulsory precondition before any cultural, natural, or mixed heritage property can be formally evaluated and nominated for inscription under the UNE…
Context: Scientists at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) developed Doppler velocity images of the solar corona using data from the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) payload onboard India’s maiden solar m…
India’s first dedicated space-based observatory mission designed to continuously observe the Sun’s outermost layers—the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona—as well as measure solar wind and local magnetic fields .
Organisation: Developed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
