The Daily Digest

UPSC

Partners for Multilateralism Summit and V4+India

India used the 81st UNGA to advance Reformed Multilateralism through the Partners for Multilateralism (P4M) Summit, while strengthening its Central European outreach through the first V4+India Foreign Ministers’ Meeting.
Important International Institutions Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests For Prelims: United Nations General Assembly , Visegrad Group (V4) , Partners for Multilateralism (P4M) Summit, Europe…
During these diplomatic engagements, India pressed for comprehensive reforms in global institutions, deepened ties with Central Europe, and secured unanimous backing from the Visegrad Group (V4) for its permanent member…

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

State of Finance for Nature 2026

The United Nations Environment Programme released the State of Finance for Nature 2026, exposing a severe imbalance where every USD 1 spent on nature protection is outweighed by USD 30 spent on environmental destruction
Environmental Pollution & Degradation For Prelims: United Nations Environment Programme , Nature-based Solutions , National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) , National Water Mission , National Afforestation Pro…
The State of Finance for Nature 2026 reveals a severe financing imbalance, with USD 30 spent on nature-destructive activities for every USD 1 invested in conservation , driven by environmentally harmful subsidies and pr…

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG)

Climate finance will be a focal point at COP29, where negotiations for the New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG), post-2025, with a baseline of $100 billion annually, are underway.
Groupings & Agreements Involving India and/or Affecting India's Interests International Treaties & Agreements Environmental Pollution & Degradation Recently, in response to the pressing threat of climate change , the Ne…
It is a crucial topic for the upcoming 29 th Conference of the Parties (COP29) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) , which will take place later this year in Baku, Azerbaijan.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

National Clean Air Programme

National Clean Air Programme
Environmental Pollution & Degradation The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) to modify the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) which proposes 20-30…
NCAP: It was launched by the MoEFCC in January 2019.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

India-Middle East–Europe Economic Corridor

The India–Middle East–Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) aims to link India with Europe through the Middle East. However, ongoing conflicts in West Asia and emerging Arctic routes pose serious challenges to its implementat…
Groupings & Agreements Involving India and/or Affecting India's Interests The India–Middle East–Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) , unveiled at the 2023 G20 Summit, aims to link India with Europe through the Middle East.
However, ongoing conflicts in West Asia and emerging Arctic routes pose serious challenges to its implementation and strategic viability.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Operation Ganga

Operation Ganga is a ‘multi-pronged’ initiative to bring back citizens stranded in Ukraine via Romania, Hungary. The tensions between Russia and Ukraine are currently heightened, with war erupting in the country after t…
Government Policies & Interventions Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests For Prelims: India’s Evacuation Operations, Location of Ukraine and other neighbouring countries For Mains: Ukraine-Rus…
The Government of India has launched a ‘multi-pronged’ initiative named ‘Operation Ganga’.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Global Stocktake Report

This report is part of a larger initiative called the 'Global Stocktake,' conducted every five years, which assesses countries' progress in achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement 2015
Government Policies & Interventions Groupings & Agreements Involving India and/or Affecting India's Interests Important International Institutions International Treaties & Agreements For Prelims: Global Stocktake Report…
For Mains: Global Stocktake Report and its Recommendations.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

India-Poland Relations

The Prime Minister of India’s visit to Poland marked a significant milestone as India and Poland celebrated the 70th anniversary of their diplomatic relations
Bilateral Groupings & Agreements Groupings & Agreements Involving India and/or Affecting India's Interests Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests For Prelims: International Energy Agency , Inter…
During this historic visit, both nations elevated their bilateral relationship to a “Strategic Partnership,” committing to deepen cooperation across various sectors.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

UNEP’s Limiting Overshoot Report: Managing 1.5°C Breach

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has released its ‘Limiting Overshoot’ report, warning that temporarily exceeding the 1.5°C global warming threshold under the Paris Agreement is now virtually inevitable i…
International Treaties & Agreements Environmental Pollution & Degradation For Prelims: United Nations Environment Programme , Paris Agreement , Nationally Determined Contributions , Methane , Global Methane Pledge , Atl…
The report proposes an ‘overshoot, peak, and decline’ framework to limit peak warming and enable a multi-decadal return towards safer planetary boundaries .

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

G20 Johannesburg Summit 2025

The G20 Summit 2025 in Johannesburg—first-ever on African soil—adopted the G20 Johannesburg Leaders’ Declaration
Bilateral Groupings & Agreements Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests Important International Institutions For Prelims: G20 summit , United Nations Security Council , Paris Agreement , World B…
The 20 th G20 Summit 2025, held in Johannesburg, South Africa, became the first-ever G20 summit hosted on the African continent .

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Subsidies and Climate Change

A new World Bank report highlights the negative consequences of inefficiently subsidizing agriculture, fishing, and fossil fuel sectors, both implicitly and explicitly, by spending trillions of dollars, exacerbating cli…
Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies Government Policies & Interventions Prelims: World Bank , Gross domestic product , Air pollution , Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi , Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana , Climate change Main…
In total, the report calculated that subsidy in the three areas exceeded USD 7 trillion , equivalent to 8% of the global gross domestic product.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

NASA's Mars 2020 Mission

NASA's Mars 2020 Mission
Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA’s) Perseverance Rover has landed on Mars.
This was one of the most crucial aspects of the Mars 2020 Mission.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

India-Poland Relations

The Polish Prime Minister visited India to strengthen the India–Poland Strategic Partnership through high-level bilateral talks
Bilateral Groupings & Agreements Groupings & Agreements Involving India and/or Affecting India's Interests For Prelims: India-Poland Strategic Partnership , Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure , Internationa…
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland paid an official visit to India.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Japan’s MMX Mars Mission

Japan’s MMX mission will study Mars’ two moons and return samples from Phobos, helping resolve their origin and the evolution of the Martian system
Japan’s Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission, led by JAXA , was launched aboard an H3 launch vehicle to study Mars’s moons, Phobos and Deimos , and return material from Phobos to Earth.
Objective: MMX will study the origin, composition, gravity, internal structure and surface of Phobos , while also observing Deimos , Mars’s only two natural satellites.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Mission Life

Mission LiFE aims to mobilise at least one billion Indians and other global citizens to take individual and collective action for protecting and conserving the environment in the period 2022-28.
Government Policies & Interventions Environmental Pollution & Degradation

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

India-EU FTA

India and the European Union have concluded negotiations for a comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA), marking a transformative step in their economic relations
Important International Institutions Government Policies & Interventions International Treaties & Agreements Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests For Prelims: European Union , Free Trade Agree…
For Mains: Key highlights of the India–EU FTA and India-EU relations, Opportunities and challenges associated with India–EU FTA and way forward.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Air Pollution in India

An analysis by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air using data from the Central Pollution Control Board shows that 204 out of 238 Indian cities exceeded national PM2.5 limits during winter 2025–26
Environmental Pollution & Degradation An analysis by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), a Finland-based independent research group, found that 204 out of 238 Indian cities failed to meet national ai…
The analysis used data from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) collected through Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) , and the findings highlight the severity of winter air pollution acro…

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

AgriVoltaics World Conference 2026

India hosted the 7th AgriVoltaics World Conference 2026 to promote the integration of solar energy and agriculture, enhance farmers’ incomes and strengthen climate resilience
Recently, the 7th AgriVoltaics World Conference (AWC) 2026 was held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi , under the theme “Powering the Global South.
” It marked the first time the conference was hosted in the Global South.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Green Diwali Campaign 2026

WWF-India’s EIACP launched the Green Diwali Campaign 2026 to promote cracker-free celebrations, reduce pollution and encourage sustainable lifestyles
Government Policies & Interventions Environmental Pollution & Degradation Recently, WWF- India’s Environment Information, Awareness, Capacity Building and Livelihood Programme (EIACP) Programme Centre–Resource Partner (…
Objective: The campaign aims to encourage environmentally responsible celebrations and reduce air pollution and waste generated during Diwali.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

International Conference on The Future of Environment and Climate Dynamics

The Prime Minister of India inaugurated the two-day International Conference on "The Future of Environment and Climate Dynamics."
The Prime Minister of India inaugurated the two-day International Conference on "The Future of Environment and Climate Dynamics" in New Delhi.
The event was organized by the National Green Tribunal (NGT).

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

France Reports 1st Human Case of Shamonda Virus

France reported the first human death linked to the Shamonda virus, previously known to infect livestock, prompting health investigations by the WHO.
France documented the world’s first-ever human fatality caused by the Shamonda virus , a pathogen previously known to infect only livestock, prompting health investigations by the World Health Organization (WHO) .
Classification: Shamonda virus is a vector-borne virus belonging to the genus Orthobunyavirus (under the family Peribunyaviridae ) and is part of the Simbu serogroup .

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Transforming India’s Space Ecosystem

India’s space sector is moving towards global leadership through private participation, space startups, commercialisation, launch capability, lunar and planetary missions.
Government Policies & Interventions Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology As India marks its 80th Independence Day , the Government has highlighted the country’s growing space capabilities, expanding private s…
Rapid Growth of Space Start-ups: India’s registered space start-ups increased from just 1 in 2014 to around 440 by August 2026 , reflecting the rapid expansion of private participation in the space sector.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

Rethinking India’s Strategy Against Aedes Mosquitoes

India faces rising cases of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, yet reliance on ineffective fumigation continues.
Government Policies & Interventions India faces rising dengue , chikungunya, and Zika cases transmitted by the Aedes mosquitoes, yet authorities still depend on less effective fumigation.
Experts call for personal protection, community action, and innovative, cost-effective measures.

drishtiias.com21d ago

UPSC

PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana

The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Energy observed that the fast adoption of the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana hinges on the active participation of state governments.
Government Policies & Interventions The Parliamentary Standing Committee highlighted the slow progress of the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana , aimed at installing rooftop solar systems in one crore households by FY27.
As per the committee, as of June 2025 , 16 lakh rooftop solar units (16% of the target) were installed, though the government claims 24 lakh households (24% of the target) have benefited.

drishtiias.com21d ago

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